Tag Archives: FilePath

cmdlet, Object, Tee

Tee-Object

NAME
    Tee-Object

SYNOPSIS
    Saves command output in a file or Variable, and displays it in the console.

SYNTAX
    Tee-Object [-FilePath] <string> [-InputObject <psobject>] [<CommonParameters>]

    Tee-Object -Variable <string> [-InputObject <psobject>] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Tee-Object cmdlet sends the output of a command in two directions (like the letter “T”). It stores the output in a file or Variable and also sends it down the pipeline. If Tee-Object is the last command in the pipeline, the command output is displayed in the console.

PARAMETERS
    -FilePath <string>
        Specifies the file where the cmdlet stores the object. Accepts wildcards that resolve to a single file.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -InputObject <psobject>
        Specifies the object input to the cmdlet. Enter a Variable that contains the objects or type a command or expression that gets the objects.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Variable <string>
        Assigns a reference to the input objects to the specified Variable.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.Management.Automation.PSObject
        You can pipe objects to be redirected to Tee-Object.

OUTPUTS
    System.Management.Automation.PSObject
        Tee-Object returns the object that it redirected.

NOTES

        You can also use the Out-File cmdlet or the redirection operator, both of which save the output in a file but do not send it down the pipeline.

        Tee-Object uses Unicode encoding when it writes to files. As a result, the output might not be formatted properly in files with a different encoding. To specify the encoding, use the Out-File cmdlet.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Get-Process | Tee-Object -FilePath C:\Test1\testfile2.txt

    Handles NPM(K)    PM(K)     WS(K) VM(M) CPU(s)    Id ProcessName
    ——- ——    —–     —– —– ——    — ———–
     83     4     2300     4520    39     0.30    4032 00THotkey
     272     6     1400     3944    34     0.06    3088 alg
     81     3     804     3284    21     2.45     148 ApntEx
     81     4     2008     5808    38     0.75    3684 Apoint
    …

    Description
    ———–
    This command gets a list of the processes running on the computer and sends the result to a file. Because a second path is not specified, the result will be displayed in the console.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Get-Process notepad | Tee-Object -variable proc | Select-Object processname,handles

    ProcessName                             Handles
    ———–                             ——-
    notepad                                 43
    notepad                                 37
    notepad                                 38
    notepad                                 38

    Description
    ———–
    This command gets a list of the processes running on the computer and sends the result to a Variable named “proc”. It then pipes the resulting objects along to Select-Object, which selects the ProcessName and Handles property. Note that the $proc Variable includes the default information returned by Get-Process.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113417
    about_Redirection
    Select-Object

cmdlet, Command, Trace

Trace-Command

NAME
    Trace-Command

SYNOPSIS
    Configures and starts a trace of the specified expression or command.

SYNTAX
    Trace-Command [-Command] <string> [-ArgumentList <Object[]>] [-Name] <string[]> [[-Option] {None | Constructor | Dispose | Finalizer | Method | Property | Delegates | Events | Exception | Lock | Error | Errors | Warning | Verbose | WriteLine | Data | Scope | ExecutionFlow | Assert | All}] [-Debugger] [-FilePath <string>] [-Force] [-InputObject <psobject>] [-ListenerOption {None | LogicalOperationStack | DateTime | Timestamp | ProcessId | ThreadId | Callstack}] [-PSHost] [<CommonParameters>]

    Trace-Command [-Expression] <scriptblock> [-Name] <string[]> [[-Option] {None | Constructor | Dispose | Finalizer | Method | Property | Delegates | Events | Exception | Lock | Error | Errors | Warning | Verbose | WriteLine | Data | Scope | ExecutionFlow | Assert | All}] [-Debugger] [-FilePath <string>] [-Force] [-InputObject <psobject>] [-ListenerOption {None | LogicalOperationStack | DateTime | Timestamp | ProcessId | ThreadId | Callstack}] [-PSHost] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Trace-Command cmdlet configures and starts a trace of the specified expression or command. It works like Set-TraceSource, except that it applies only to the specified command.

PARAMETERS
    -ArgumentList <Object[]>
        Specifies the parameters and parameter values for the command being traced. The Alias for ArgumentList is Args. This feature is especially useful for debugging dynamic parameters.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Command <string>
        Specifies a command that is being processed during the trace.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Debugger [<SwitchParameter>]
        Sends the trace output to the debugger. You can view the output in any user-mode or kernel mode debugger or in Visual Studio. This parameter also selects the default trace listener.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Expression <scriptblock>
        Specifies the expression that is being processed during the trace. Enclose the expression in curly braces ({}).

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -FilePath <string>
        Sends the trace output to the specified file. This parameter also selects the file trace listener.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to append trace information to a read-only file. Used with the FilePath parameter. Even using the Force parameter, the cmdlet cannot override security restrictions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -InputObject <psobject>
        Provides input to the expression that is being processed during the trace.

        You can enter a Variable that represents the input that the expression accepts, or pass an object through the pipeline.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ListenerOption <TraceOptions>
        Adds optional data to the prefix of each trace message in the output. The valid values are None, LogicalOperationStack, DateTime, Timestamp, ProcessId, ThreadId, and Callstack. “None” is the default.

        To specify multiple options, separate them with commas, but with no spaces, and enclose them in quotation marks, such as “ProcessID,ThreadID”.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Name <string[]>
        Determines which Windows PowerShell components are traced. Enter the name of the trace source of each component. Wildcards are permitted. To find the trace sources on your computer, type “Get-TraceSource“.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Option <PSTraceSourceOptions>
        Determines the type of events that are traced.

        The valid values are None, Constructor, Dispose, Finalizer, Method, Property, Delegates, Events, Exception, Lock, Error, Errors, Warning, Verbose, WriteLine, Data, Scope, ExecutionFlow, Assert, and All. “All” is the default.

        The following values are combinations of other values:

        — ExecutionFlow: (Constructor, Dispose, Finalizer, Method, Delegates, Events, and Scope)

        — Data: (Constructor, Dispose, Finalizer, Property, Verbose, and WriteLine)

        — Errors: (Error and Exception).

        To specify multiple options, separate them with commas, but with no spaces, and enclose them in quotation marks, such as “Constructor,Dispose”.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    3
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PSHost [<SwitchParameter>]
        Sends the trace output to the Windows PowerShell host. This parameter also selects the PSHost trace listener.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.Management.Automation.PSObject
        You can pipe objects that represent input to the expression to Trace-Command.

OUTPUTS
    System.Management.Automation.PSObject
        Returns the command trace in the debug stream.

NOTES

        Tracing is a method that developers use to debug and refine programs. When tracing, the program generates detailed messages about each step in its internal processing.

        The Windows PowerShell tracing cmdlets are designed to help Windows PowerShell developers, but they are available to all users. They let you monitor nearly every aspect of the Functionality of the shell.

        To find the Windows PowerShell components that are enabled for tracing, type “Get-Help Get-TraceSource.”

        A “trace source” is the part of each Windows PowerShell component that manages tracing and generates trace messages for the component. To trace a component, you identify its trace source.

        A “trace listener” receives the output of the trace and displays it to the user. You can elect to send the trace data to a user-mode or kernel-mode debugger, to the host or console, to a file, or to a custom listener derived from the System.Diagnostics.TraceListener class.

        When you use the Command parameter set, Windows PowerShell processes the command just as it would be processed in a pipeline. For example, command discovery is not repeated for each incoming object.

        The names of the Name, Expression, Option, and Command parameters are optional. If you omit the parameter names, the unnamed parameter values must appear in this order: Name, Expression, Option or Name, Command,-Option . If you include the parameter names, the parameters can appear in any order.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Trace-Command -Name metadata,parameterbinding,cmdlet -Expression {Get-Process notepad} -PSHost

    Description
    ———–
    This command starts a trace of metadata processing, parameter binding, and cmdlet creation and destruction of the “Get-Process notepad” expression. It uses the Name parameter to specify the trace sources, the Expression parameter to specify the command, and the PSHost parameter to send the output to the console. Because it does not specify any tracing options or listener options, the command uses the defaults, “All” for the tracing options, and “None” for the listener options.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Trace-Command -Name commandprocessor,pipelineprocessor -command Get-Alias -argumentlist “ghy” -Option executionflow -ListenerOption “timestamp,callstack” -FilePath c:\test\debug.txt

    Description
    ———–
    This command starts a trace of the command processor and pipeline processor while processing the “Get-Alias cd” command.

    It uses the Name parameter to specify the trace sources, the Command parameter to specify the command, the ArgumentList parameter to specify the parameters of the Get-Alias command, the Option parameter to specify tracing options, and the ListenerOption parameter to specify the fields in the trace message prefix. The FilePath parameter sends the output to the C:\Test\Debug.txt file.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>$a = “i*”

    C:\PS> Trace-Command parameterbinding {Get-Alias $input} -PSHost -InputObject $a

    Description
    ———–
    These commands trace the actions of the ParameterBinding operations of Windows PowerShell while it processes a Get-Alias expression that takes input from the pipeline.

    In Trace-Command, the InputObject parameter passes an object to the expression that is being processed during the trace.

    The first command stores the string “i*” in the $a Variable. The second command uses the Trace-Command cmdlet with the ParameterBinding trace source. The PSHost parameter sends the output to the console.

    The expression being processed is “Get-Alias $input”, where the $input Variable is associated with the InputObject parameter. The InputObject parameter passes the Variable $a to the expression. In effect, the command being processed during the trace is “Get-Alias -InputObject $a” or “$a | Get-Alias“.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113419
    Get-TraceSource
    Set-TraceSource

cmdlet, Set, WSManInstance

Set-WSManInstance

NAME
    Set-WSManInstance

SYNOPSIS
    Modifies the management information that is related to a resource.

SYNTAX
    Set-WSManInstance [-ApplicationName <string>] [-ComputerName <string>] [-Fragment <string>] [-Port <int>] [-UseSSL] -ResourceURI <Uri> [[-SelectorSet] <hashtable>] [-Authentication <AuthenticationMechanism>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Dialect <Uri>] [-FilePath <File>] [-SessionOption <hashtable>] [-ValueSet <hashtable>] [<CommonParameters>]

    Set-WSManInstance [-ConnectionURI <Uri>] [-Fragment <string>] -ResourceURI <Uri> [[-SelectorSet] <hashtable>] [-Authentication <AuthenticationMechanism>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Dialect <Uri>] [-FilePath <File>] [-SessionOption <hashtable>] [-ValueSet <hashtable>] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Set-WSManInstance cmdlet modifies the management information that is related to a resource.

    This cmdlet uses the WinRM connection/transport layer to modify the information.

PARAMETERS
    -ApplicationName <string>
        Specifies the application name in the connection. The default value of the ApplicationName parameter is “WSMAN”. The complete identifier for the remote endpoint is in the following format:

             <transport>://<server>:<port>/<ApplicationName>

        For example:

             http://server01:8080/WSMAN

        Internet Information Services (IIS), which hosts the session, forwards requests with this endpoint to the specified application. This default setting of “WSMAN” is appropriate for most uses. This parameter is designed to be used when numerous computers establish remote connections to one computer that is running Windows PowerShell. In this case, IIS hosts Web Services for Management (WS-Management ) for efficiency.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                WSMan
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Authentication <AuthenticationMechanism>
        Specifies the authentication mechanism to be used at the server. Possible values are:

        – Basic: Basic is a scheme in which the user name and password are sent in clear text to the server or proxy.
        – Default : Use the authentication method implemented by the WS-Management protocol. This is the default.
        – Digest: Digest is a challenge-response scheme that uses a server-specified data string for the challenge.
        – Kerberos: The client computer and the server mutually authenticate by using Kerberos Certificates.
        – Negotiate: Negotiate is a challenge-response scheme that negotiates with the server or proxy to determine the scheme to use for authentication. For example, this parameter value allows negotiation to determine whether the Kerberos protocol or NTLM is used.
        – CredSSP: Use Credential Security Service Provider (CredSSP) authentication, which allows the user to delegate credentials. This option is designed for commands that run on one remote computer but collect data from or run additional commands on other remote computers.

        Caution: CredSSP delegates the user’s credentials from the local computer to a remote computer. This practice increases the security risk of the remote operation. If the remote computer is compromised, when credentials are passed to it, the credentials can be used to control the network session.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ComputerName <string>
        Specifies the computer against which you want to run the management operation. The value can be a fully qualified domain name, a NetBIOS name, or an IP address. Use the local computer name, use localhost, or use a dot (.) to specify the local computer. The local computer is the default. When the remote computer is in a different domain from the user, you must use a fully qualified domain name must be used. You can pipe a value for this parameter to the cmdlet.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                localhost
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ConnectionURI <Uri>
        Specifies the connection endpoint. The format of this string is:

             <Transport>://<Server>:<Port>/<ApplicationName>

        The following string is a properly formatted value for this parameter:

             http://Server01:8080/WSMAN

        The URI must be fully qualified .

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user. Type a user name, such as “User01”, “Domain01\User01”, or “User@Domain.com”. Or, enter a PSCredential object, such as one returned by the Get-Credential cmdlet. When you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Dialect <Uri>
        Specifies the dialect to use in the filter predicate. This can be any dialect that is supported by the remote service. The following Aliases can be used for the dialect URI:

        – WQL: http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/WQL
        – Selector: http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wsman/SelectorFilter
        – Association: http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wsman/1/cimbinding/associationFilter

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/WQL
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -FilePath <File>
        Specifies the path of a file that is used to update a management resource. You specify the management resource by using the ResourceURI parameter and the SelectorSet parameter . For example, the following command uses the FilePath parameter:

        Invoke-WSManAction -action stopservice -ResourceURI wmicimv2/Win32_Service -SelectorSet @{Name=”spooler”} -FilePath:c:\input.xml -Authentication default

        This command calls the StopService method on the Spooler service by using input from a file. The file, Input.xml, contains the following content:

        <p:StopService_INPUT xmlns:p=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_Service”/>

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Fragment <string>
        Specifies a section inside the instance that is to be updated or retrieved for the specified operation. For example, to get the status of a spooler service, specify “-Fragment Status”.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -OptionSet <hashtable>
        Passes a set of switches to a service to modify or refine the nature of the request. These are similar to switches used in command-line shells because they are service specific. Any number of options can be specified.

        The following example demonstrates the syntax that passes the values 1, 2, and 3 for the a, b, and c parameters:

             -OptionSet @{a=1;b=2;c=3}

        Required?
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Port <int>
        Specifies the port to use when the client connects to the WinRM service. When the transport is HTTP, the default port is 80. When the transport is HTTPS, the default port is 443. When you use HTTPS as the transport, the value of the ComputerName parameter must match the server’s Certificate common name (CN). However, if the SkipCNCheck parameter is specified as part of the SessionOption parameter, then the Certificate common name of the server does not have to match the host name of the server. The SkipCNCheck parameter should be used only for trusted machines.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ResourceURI <Uri>
        Contains the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the resource class or instance. The URI is used to identify a specific type of resource, such as disks or processes, on a computer.

        A URI consists of a prefix and a path to a resource. For example:

             http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_LogicalDisk
             http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_NumericSensor

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SelectorSet <hashtable>
        Specifies a set of value pairs that are used to select particular management resource instances. The SelectorSet parameter is used when more than one instance of the resource exists. The value of the SelectorSet parameter must be a hash table. The following example shows how to enter a value for this parameter:

            -SelectorSet @{Name=”WinRM”;ID=”yyy”}

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SessionOption <hashtable>
        Defines a set of extended options for the WS-Management session. Enter a SessionOption object that you create by using the New-WSManSessionOption cmdlet. For more information about the options that are available, see New-WSManSessionOption.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseSSL [<SwitchParameter>]
        Specifies that the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol should be used to establish a connection to the remote computer. By default, SSL is not used.

        WS-Management encrypts all the Windows PowerShell content that is transmitted over the network. The UseSSL parameter lets you specify the additional protection of HTTPS instead of HTTP. If SSL is not available on the port that is used for the connection and you specify this parameter, the command fails.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ValueSet <hashtable>
        Specifies a hash table that helps modify a management resource. You specify the management resource by using the ResourceURI parameter and the SelectorSet parameter. The value of the ValueSet parameter must be a hash table.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not accept any input.

OUTPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-WSManInstance -ResourceURI winrm/config/listener -SelectorSet @{address=”*”;transport=”https”} -ValueSet @{Enabled=”false”}

    cfg                 : http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/config/listener
    xsi                 : http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
    lang                 : en-US
    Address             : *
    Transport             : HTTPS
    Port                 : 443
    Hostname             :
    Enabled             : false
    URLPrefix             : WSMan
    CertificateThumbprint :
    ListeningOn         : {127.0.0.1, 172.30.168.171, ::1, 2001:4898:0:fff:0:5efe:172.30.168.171…}

    Description
    ———–
    This command disables the https listener on the local computer.

    Important: The ValueSet parameter is case-sensitive when matching the properties specified.

    For example, using the above command.

    This fails:     -ValueSet @{enabled=”False”}

    This succeeds: -ValueSet @{Enabled=”False”}

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-WSManInstance -ResourceURI winrm/config -ValueSet @{MaxEnvelopeSizekb = “200”}

    cfg                 : http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/config
    lang                : en-US
    MaxEnvelopeSizekb : 200
    MaxTimeoutms        : 60000
    MaxBatchItems     : 32000
    MaxProviderRequests : 4294967295
    Client             : Client
    Service             : Service
    Winrs             : Winrs

    Description
    ———–
    This command sets the MaxEnvelopeSizekb value to 200 on the local computer.

    Important: The ValueSet parameter is case-sensitive when matching the properties specified.

    For example, using the above command.

    This fails:     -ValueSet @{MaxEnvelopeSizeKB =”200″}

    This succeeds: -ValueSet @{MaxEnvelopeSizekb =”200″}

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-WSManInstance -ResourceURI winrm/config/listener -ComputerName SERVER02 -SelectorSet @{address=”*”;transport=”https”} -ValueSet @{Enabled=”false”}

    cfg                 : http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/config/listener
    xsi                 : http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
    lang                 : en-US
    Address             : *
    Transport             : HTTPS
    Port                 : 443
    Hostname             :
    Enabled             : false
    URLPrefix             : WSMan
    CertificateThumbprint :
    ListeningOn         : {127.0.0.1, 172.30.168.172, ::1, 2001:4898:0:fff:0:5efe:172.30.168.172…}

    Description
    ———–
    This command disables the https listener on the remote computer SERVER02.

    Important: The ValueSet parameter is case-sensitive when matching the properties specified.

    For example, using the above command.

    This fails:     -ValueSet @{enabled=”False”}

    This succeeds: -ValueSet @{Enabled=”False”}

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=141458
    Connect-WSMan
    Disable-WSManCredSSP
    Disconnect-WSMan
    Enable-WSManCredSSP
    Get-WSManCredSSP
    Get-WSManInstance
    Invoke-WSManAction
    New-WSManInstance
    New-WSManSessionOption
    Remove-WSManInstance
    Set-WSManQuickConfig
    Test-WSMan

cmdlet, Process, Start

Start-Process

NAME
    Start-Process

SYNOPSIS
    Starts one or more processes on the local computer.

SYNTAX
    Start-Process [-FilePath] <string> [[-ArgumentList] <string[]>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-LoadUserProfile] [-NoNewWindow] [-PassThru] [-RedirectStandardError <string>] [-RedirectStandardInput <string>] [-RedirectStandardOutput <string>] [-UseNewEnvironment] [-Wait] [-WorkingDirectory <string>] [<CommonParameters>]

    Start-Process [-FilePath] <string> [[-ArgumentList] <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Verb <string>] [-Wait] [-WindowStyle {Normal | Hidden | Minimized | Maximized}] [-WorkingDirectory <string>] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    Starts one or more processes on the local computer. To specify the program that runs in the process, enter an executable file or script file, or a file that can be opened by using a program on the computer. If you specify a non-executable file, Start-Process starts the program that is associated with the file, much like the Invoke-Item cmdlet.

    You can use the parameters of Start-Process to specify options, such as loading a user profile, starting the process in a new window, or using alternate credentials.

PARAMETERS
    -ArgumentList <string[]>
        Specifies parameters or parameter values to use when starting the process. The parameter name (“Arguments”) is optional.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    2
        Default value                None
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. Type a user-name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”, or enter a PSCredential object, such as one from the Get-Credential cmdlet. By default, the cmdlet uses the credentials of the current user.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                Current user.
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -FilePath <string>
        Specifies the path (optional) and file name of the program that runs in the process. Enter the name of an executable file or of a document, such as a .txt or .doc file, that is associated with a program on the computer. This parameter is required.

        If you specify only a file name, use the WorkingDirectory parameter to specify the path.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -LoadUserProfile [<SwitchParameter>]
        Loads the Windows user profile stored in the HKEY_USERS Registry key for the current user. The default value is FALSE.

        This parameter does not affect the Windows PowerShell profiles. (See about_profiles.)

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                False
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -NoNewWindow [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prevents the process from running in a new window. By default, the process runs in a new window.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                False
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PassThru [<SwitchParameter>]
        Returns a process object for each process that the cmdlet started. By default, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                False
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -RedirectStandardError <string>
        Sends any errors generated by the process to a file that you specify. Enter the path and file name. By default, the errors are displayed in the console.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                Errors are displayed in the console
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -RedirectStandardInput <string>
        Reads input from the specified file. Enter the path and file name of the input file. By default, the process gets its input from the keyboard.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                Keyboard
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -RedirectStandardOutput <string>
        Sends the output generated by the process to a file that you specify. Enter the path and file name. By default, the output is displayed in the console.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                FALSE
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseNewEnvironment [<SwitchParameter>]
        Use new Environment Variables specified for the process. By default, the started process runs with the Environment Variables specified for the computer and user.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                False
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Verb <string>
        Specifies a verb to be used when starting the process, such as Edit, Open, or Print.

        Each file type has a set of verbs that you can use. To find the verbs that can be used with the process, use the Verbs property of the object.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Wait [<SwitchParameter>]
        Waits for the specified process to complete before accepting more input. This parameter suppresses the command prompt or retains the window until the process completes.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                False
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WindowStyle <ProcessWindowStyle>
        Specifies the state of the windows used for the process. Valid values are Normal, Hidden, Minimized, and Maximized. The default value is Normal.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                Normal
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WorkingDirectory <string>
        Specifies the location of the executable file or document that runs in the process. The default is the current directory.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                Current directory
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    None
        You cannot pipe input to Start-Process.

OUTPUTS
    None or System.Diagnostics.Process
        When you use the PassThru parameter, Start-Process generates a System.Diagnostics.Process. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not return any output.

NOTES

        This cmdlet is implemented by using the Start method of the System.Diagnostics,Process class. For more information about this method, see “Process.Start Method” in the MSDN (Microsoft Developer Network) library at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=143602.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Start-Process sort.exe

    Description
    ———–
    This command starts a process that uses the Sort.exe file in the current directory. The command uses all of the default values, including the default window style, working directory, and credentials.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Start-Process myfile.txt -WorkingDirectory “C:\PS-Test” -verb Print

    Description
    ———–
    This command starts a process that prints the C:\PS-Test\MyFile.txt file.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Start-Process Sort.exe -RedirectStandardInput Testsort.txt -RedirectStandardOutput Sorted.txt -RedirectStandardError SortError.txt -UseNewEnvironment

    Description
    ———–
    This command starts a process that sorts items in the Testsort.txt file and returns the sorted items in the Sorted.txt files. Any errors are written to the SortError.txt file.

    The UseNewEnvironment parameter specifies that the process runs with its own Environment Variables.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 4 ————————–

    C:\PS>Start-Process notepad -Wait -windowstyle Maximized

    Description
    ———–
    This command starts the Notepad process. It maximizes the window and retains the window until the process completes.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135261
    Start-Service
    Get-Process
    Stop-Process
    Wait-Process
    Debug-Process

AuthenticodeSignature, cmdlet, Set

Set-AuthenticodeSignature

NAME
    Set-AuthenticodeSignature

SYNOPSIS
    Adds an Authenticode signature to a Windows PowerShell script or other file.

SYNTAX
    Set-AuthenticodeSignature [-FilePath] <string[]> [-Certificate] <X509Certificate2> [-Force] [-HashAlgorithm <string>] [-IncludeChain <string>] [-TimestampServer <string>] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Set-AuthenticodeSignature cmdlet adds an Authenticode signature to any file that supports Subject Interface Package (SIP).

    In a Windows PowerShell script file, the signature takes the form of a block of text that indicates the end of the instructions that are executed in the script. If there is a signature in the file when this cmdlet runs, that signature is removed.

PARAMETERS
    -Certificate <X509Certificate2>
        Specifies the Certificate that will be used to sign the script or file. Enter a Variable that stores an object representing the Certificate or an expression that gets the Certificate.

        To find a Certificate, use Get-PfxCertificate or use the Get-ChildItem cmdlet in the Certificate (Cert:) drive. If the Certificate is not valid or does not have code-signing authority, the command fails.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -FilePath <string[]>
        Specifies the path to a file that is being signed.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to append a signature to a read-only file. Even using the Force parameter, the cmdlet cannot override security restrictions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -HashAlgorithm <string>
        Specifies the hashing algorithm that Windows uses to compute the digital signature for the file. The default is SHA1, which is the Windows default hashing algorithm.

        Files that are signed with a different hashing algorithm might not be recognized on other systems.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                SHA1
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -IncludeChain <string>
        Determines which Certificates in the Certificate trust chain are included in the digital signature. “NotRoot” is the default.

        Valid values are:

        — Signer: Includes only the signer’s Certificate.

        — NotRoot: Includes all of the Certificates in the Certificate chain, except for the root authority.

        –All: Includes all the Certificates in the Certificate chain.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -TimestampServer <string>
        Uses the specified time stamp server to add a time stamp to the signature. Type the URL of the time stamp server as a string.

        The time stamp represents the exact time that the Certificate was added to the file. A time stamp prevents the script from failing if the Certificate expires because users and programs can verify that the Certificate was valid at the time of signing.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.String
        You can pipe a string that contains the file path to Set-AuthenticodeSignature.

OUTPUTS
    System.Management.Automation.Signature

NOTES

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>$cert=Get-ChildItem -Path cert:\CurrentUser\my -CodeSigningCert

    C:\PS>Set-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath PsTestInternet2.ps1 -Certificate $cert

    Description
    ———–
    These commands retrieve a code-signing Certificate from the Windows PowerShell Certificate provider and use it to sign a Windows PowerShell script.

    The first command uses the Get-ChildItem cmdlet and the Windows PowerShell Certificate provider to get the Certificates in the Cert:\CurrentUser\My subdirectory of the Certificate store. (The Cert: drive is the drive exposed by the Certificate provider.) The CodeSigningCert parameter, which is supported only by the Certificate provider, limits the Certificates retrieved to those with code-signing authority. The command stores the result in the $cert Variable.

    The second command uses the Set-AuthenticodeSignature cmdlet to sign the PSTestInternet2.ps1 script. It uses the FilePath parameter to specify the name of the script and the Certificate parameter to specify that the Certificate is stored in the $cert Variable.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>$cert = Get-PfxCertificate C:\Test\Mysign.pfx

    C:\PS>Set-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath ServerProps.ps1 -Cert $cert

    Description
    ———–
    These commands use the Get-PfxCertificate cmdlet to find a code signing Certificate. Then, they use it to sign a Windows PowerShell script.

    The first command uses the Get-PfxCertificate cmdlet to find the C:\Test\MySign.pfx Certificate and store it in the $cert Variable.

    The second command uses Set-AuthenticodeSignature to sign the script. The FilePath parameter of Set-AuthenticodeSignature specifies the path to the script file being signed and the Cert parameter passes the $cert Variable containing the Certificate to Set-AuthenticodeSignature.

    If the Certificate file is password protected, Windows PowerShell prompts you for the password.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath c:\scripts\Remodel.ps1 -Certificate $cert -IncludeChain All -TimestampServer “http://timestamp.fabrikam.com/scripts/timstamper.dll”

    Description
    ———–
    This command adds a digital signature that includes the root authority in the trust chain, and it is signed by a third-party timestamp server.

    The command uses the FilePath parameter to specify the script being signed and the Certificate parameter to specify the Certificate that is saved in the $cert Variable. It uses the IncludeChain parameter to include all of the signatures in the trust chain (including the root authority). It also uses the TimeStampServer parameter to add a timestamp to the signature. This prevents the script from failing when the Certificate expires.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113391
    about_Signing
    about_execution_policies
    Get-AuthenticodeSignature
    Get-PfxCertificate
    Get-ExecutionPolicy
    Set-ExecutionPolicy

cmdlet, Set, TraceSource

Set-TraceSource

NAME
    Set-TraceSource

SYNOPSIS
    Configures, starts, and stops a trace of Windows PowerShell components.

SYNTAX
    Set-TraceSource [[-Option] {None | Constructor | Dispose | Finalizer | Method | Property | Delegates | Events | Exception | Lock | Error | Errors | Warning | Verbose | WriteLine | Data | Scope | ExecutionFlow | Assert | All}] [-Debugger] [-FilePath <string>] [-Force] [-ListenerOption {None | LogicalOperationStack | DateTime | Timestamp | ProcessId | ThreadId | Callstack}] [-PassThru] [-PSHost] [-Name] <string[]> [<CommonParameters>]

    Set-TraceSource [-RemoveListener <string[]>] [-Name] <string[]> [<CommonParameters>]

    Set-TraceSource [-RemoveFileListener <string[]>] [-Name] <string[]> [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Set-TraceSource cmdlet configures, starts, and stops a trace of a Windows PowerShell component. You can use it to specify which components will be traced and where the tracing output is sent.

PARAMETERS
    -Debugger [<SwitchParameter>]
        Sends the trace output to the debugger. You can view the output in any user-mode or kernel mode debugger or in Microsoft Visual Studio. This parameter also selects the default trace listener.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -FilePath <string>
        Sends the trace output to the specified file. This parameter also selects the file trace listener. If you use this parameter to start the trace, use the RemoveFileListener parameter to stop the trace.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to overwrite a read-only file. Use with the FilePath parameter.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ListenerOption <TraceOptions>
        Adds optional data to the prefix of each trace message in the output. The valid values are “None”, “LogicalOperationStack”, “DateTime”, “Timestamp”, “ProcessId”, “ThreadId”, and “Callstack”. “None” is the default.

        To specify multiple options, separate them with commas, but with no spaces, and enclose them in quotation marks, such as “ProcessID,ThreadID”.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Name <string[]>
        Determines which components are traced. Enter the name of the trace source of each component. Wildcards are permitted.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Option <PSTraceSourceOptions>
        Determines the type of events that are traced.

        The valid values are: “None”, “Constructor”, “Dispose”, “Finalizer”, “Method”, “Property”, “Delegates”, “Events”, “Exception”, “Lock”, “Error”, “Errors”, “Warning”, “Verbose”, “WriteLine”, “Data”, “Scope”, “ExecutionFlow”, “Assert”, and “All”. “All” is the default.

        The following values are combinations of other values:

        — ExecutionFlow: (Constructor, Dispose, Finalizer, Method, Delegates, Events, and Scope)

        — Data: (Constructor, Dispose, Finalizer, Property, Verbose, and WriteLine)

        — Errors: (Error and Exception).

        To specify multiple options, separate them with commas, but with no spaces, and enclose them in quotation marks, such as “Constructor,Dispose”.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PassThru [<SwitchParameter>]
        Returns an object representing the trace session. By default, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PSHost [<SwitchParameter>]
        Sends the trace output to the Windows PowerShell host. This parameter also selects the PSHost trace listener.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -RemoveFileListener <string[]>
        Stops the trace by removing the file trace listener associated with the specified file. Enter the path and file name of the trace output file.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -RemoveListener <string[]>
        Stops the trace by removing the trace listener.

        Use the following values with RemoveListener:

        –To remove PSHost (console), type “Host”.
        –To remove Debugger, type “Debug”.
        –To remove all trace listeners, type “*”.

        To remove the file trace listener, use the RemoveFileListener parameter.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.String
        You can pipe a string that contains a name to Set-TraceSource.

OUTPUTS
    None or System.Management.Automation.PSTraceSource
        When you use the PassThru parameter, Set-TraceSource generates a System.Management.Automation.PSTraceSource object representing the trace session. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

        Tracing is a method that developers use to debug and refine programs. When tracing, the program generates detailed messages about each step in its internal processing.

        The Windows PowerShell tracing cmdlets are designed to help Windows PowerShell developers, but they are available to all users. They let you monitor nearly every aspect of the Functionality of Windows PowerShell.

        A “trace source” is the part of each Windows PowerShell component that manages tracing and generates trace messages for the component. To trace a component, you identify its trace source.

        A “trace listener” receives the output of the trace and displays it to the user. You can elect to send the trace data to a user-mode or kernel-mode debugger, to the console, to a file, or to a custom listener derived from the System.Diagnostics.TraceListener class.

        To start a trace, use the Name parameter to specify a trace source (the component to be traced) and the FilePath, Debugger, or PSHost parameters to specify a listener (a destination for the output). Use the Options parameter to determine the types of events that are traced and the ListenerOptions parameter to configure the trace output.

        To change the configuration of a trace, enter a Set-TraceSource command as you would to start a trace. Windows PowerShell recognizes that the trace source is already being traced. It stops the trace, adds the new configuration, and starts or restarts the trace.

        To stop a trace, use the RemoveListener parameter. To stop a trace that uses the file listener (a trace started by using the -FilePath parameter), use the RemoveFileListener parameter. When you remove the listener, the trace stops.

        To determine which components can be traced, use Get-TraceSource. The trace sources for each module are loaded automatically when the component is in use, and they appear in the output of Get-TraceSource.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-TraceSource -Name Parameterbinding -Option ExecutionFlow -PSHost ‘
    -ListenerOption “ProcessID,TimeStamp”

    Description
    ———–
    This command starts tracing for the ParameterBinding component of Windows PowerShell. It uses the Name parameter to specify the trace source, the Option parameter to select the ExecutionFlow trace events, and the PSHost parameter to select the Windows PowerShell host listener, which sends the output to the console. The ListenerOption parameter adds the “ProcessID” and “TimeStamp” values to the trace message prefix.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-TraceSource -Name ParameterBinding -RemoveListener Host

    Description
    ———–
    This command stops the trace of the ParameterBinding component of Windows PowerShell. It uses the Name parameter to identify the component that was being traced and the RemoveListener parameter to identify the trace listener.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113400
    Get-TraceSource
    Trace-Command
    Set-PSDebug

cmdlet, New, WSManInstance

New-WSManInstance

NAME
    New-WSManInstance

SYNOPSIS
    Creates a new instance of a management resource.

SYNTAX
    New-WSManInstance [-ApplicationName <string>] [-ComputerName <string>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Port <int>] [-UseSSL] [-SelectorSet] <hashtable> -ResourceURI <Uri> [-AuthenticationMechanism <AuthenticationMechanism>] [-SessionOption <hashtable>] [-ValueSet <hashtable>] [<CommonParameters>]

    New-WSManInstance [-ConnectionURI <Uri>] [-SelectorSet] <hashtable> -ResourceURI <Uri> [-AuthenticationMechanism <AuthenticationMechanism>] [-SessionOption <hashtable>] [-ValueSet <hashtable>] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The New-WSManInstance cmdlet creates a new instance of a management resource. It uses a resource URI and a value set or input file to create the new instance of the management resource.

    This cmdlet uses the WinRM connection/transport layer to create the management resource instance.

PARAMETERS
    -ApplicationName <string>
        Specifies the application name in the connection. The default value of the ApplicationName parameter is “WSMAN”. The complete identifier for the remote endpoint is in the following format:

             <transport>://<server>:<port>/<ApplicationName>

        For example:

             http://server01:8080/WSMAN

        Internet Information Services (IIS), which hosts the session, forwards requests with this endpoint to the specified application. This default setting of “WSMAN” is appropriate for most uses. This parameter is designed to be used when numerous computers establish remote connections to one computer that is running Windows PowerShell. In this case, IIS hosts Web Services for Management (WS-Management) for efficiency.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                WSMan
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -AuthenticationMechanism <AuthenticationMechanism>
        Specifies the authentication mechanism to be used at the server. Possible values are:

        – Basic: Basic is a scheme in which the user name and password are sent in clear text to the server or proxy.
        – Default : Use the authentication method implemented by the WS-Management protocol. This is the default.
        – Digest: Digest is a challenge-response scheme that uses a server-specified data string for the challenge.
        – Kerberos: The client computer and the server mutually authenticate by using Kerberos Certificates.
        – Negotiate: Negotiate is a challenge-response scheme that negotiates with the server or proxy to determine the scheme to use for authentication. For example, this parameter value allows negotiation to determine whether the Kerberos protocol or NTLM is used.
        – CredSSP: Use Credential Security Service Provider (CredSSP) authentication, which allows the user to delegate credentials. This option is designed for commands that run on one remote computer but collect data from or run additional commands on other remote computers.

        Caution: CredSSP delegates the user’s credentials from the local computer to a remote computer. This practice increases the security risk of the remote operation. If the remote computer is compromised, when credentials are passed to it, the credentials can be used to control the network session.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ComputerName <string>
        Specifies the computer against which you want to run the management operation. The value can be a fully qualified domain name, a NetBIOS name, or an IP address. Use the local computer name, use localhost, or use a dot (.) to specify the local computer. The local computer is the default. When the remote computer is in a different domain from the user, you must use a fully qualified domain name must be used. You can pipe a value for this parameter to the cmdlet.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                localhost
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ConnectionURI <Uri>
        Specifies the connection endpoint. The format of this string is:

             <Transport>://<Server>:<Port>/<ApplicationName>

        The following string is a properly formatted value for this parameter:

             http://Server01:8080/WSMAN

        The URI must be fully qualified.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user. Type a user name, such as “User01”, “Domain01\User01”, or “User@Domain.com”. Or, enter a PSCredential object, such as one returned by the Get-Credential cmdlet. When you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -File <File>
        Specifies the path of a file that is used to create a management resource. You specify the management resource by using the ResourceURI parameter and the SelectorSet parameter . For example, the following command uses the File parameter:

        Invoke-WSManAction -action stopservice -ResourceURI wmicimv2/Win32_Service -SelectorSet @{Name=”spooler”} -File c:\input.xml -Authentication default

        This command calls the StopService method [descriptor] on the Spooler service by using input from a file. The file, Input.xml, contains the following content:

        <p:StopService_INPUT xmlns:p=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_Service”/>

        Required?
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -OptionSet <hashtable>
        Passes a set of switches to a service to modify or refine the nature of the request. These are similar to switches used in command-line shells because they are service specific. Any number of options can be specified.

        The following example demonstrates the syntax that passes the values 1, 2, and 3 for the a, b, and c parameters:

             -OptionSet @{a=1;b=2;c=3}

        Required?
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Port <int>
        Specifies the port to use when the client connects to the WinRM service. When the transport is HTTP, the default port is 80. When the transport is HTTPS, the default port is 443. When you use HTTPS as the transport, the value of the ComputerName parameter must match the server’s Certificate common name (CN). However, if the SkipCNCheck parameter is specified as part of the SessionOption parameter, then the Certificate common name of the server does not have to match the host name of the server. The SkipCNCheck parameter should be used only for trusted computers.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ResourceURI <Uri>
        Contains the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the resource class or instance. The URI is used to identify a specific type of resource, such as disks or processes, on a computer.

        A URI consists of a prefix and a path to a resource. For example:

             http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_LogicalDisk
             http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_NumericSensor

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SelectorSet <hashtable>
        Specifies a set of value pairs that are used to select particular management resource instances. The SelectorSet parameter is used when more than one instance of the resource exists. The value of the SelectorSet parameter must be a hash table.

        The following example shows how to enter a value for this parameter:

            -SelectorSet @{Name=”WinRM”;ID=”yyy”}

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SessionOption <hashtable>
        Defines a set of extended options for the WS-Management session. Enter a SessionOption object that you create by using the New-WSManSessionOption cmdlet. For more information about the options that are available, see New-WSManSessionOption.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseSSL [<SwitchParameter>]
        Specifies that the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol should be used to establish a connection to the remote computer. By default, SSL is not used.

        WS-Management encrypts all the Windows PowerShell content that is transmitted over the network. The UseSSL parameter lets you specify the additional protection of HTTPS instead of HTTP. If SSL is not available on the port that is used for the connection and you specify this parameter, the command fails.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ValueSet <hashtable>
        Specifies a hash table that helps modify a management resource. You specify the management resource by using the ResourceURI parameter and the SelectorSet parameter. The value of the ValueSet parameter must be a hash table.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not accept any input.

OUTPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

        The Set-WmiInstance cmdlet, a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) cmdlet, is similar. Set-WmiInstance uses the DCOM connection/transport layer to create or update WMI instances.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>New-WSManInstance winrm/config/Listener -SelectorSet @{Transport=HTTPS} -ValueSet @{Hostname=”HOST”;CertificateThumbprint=”XXXXXXXXXX”}

    Description
    ———–
    This command creates an instance of a WS-Management HTTPS listener on all IP addresses.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=141448
    Connect-WSMan
    Disable-WSManCredSSP
    Disconnect-WSMan
    Enable-WSManCredSSP
    Get-WSManCredSSP
    Get-WSManInstance
    Invoke-WSManAction
    New-WSManSessionOption
    Remove-WSManInstance
    Set-WSManInstance
    Set-WSManQuickConfig
    Test-WSMan

cmdlet, File, Out

Out-File

NAME
    Out-File

SYNOPSIS
    Sends output to a file.

SYNTAX
    Out-File [-FilePath] <string> [[-Encoding] <string>] [-Append] [-Force] [-InputObject <psobject>] [-NoClobber] [-Width <int>] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Out-File cmdlet sends output to a file. You can use this cmdlet instead of the redirection operator (>) when you need to use its parameters.

PARAMETERS
    -Append [<SwitchParameter>]
        Adds the output to the end of an existing file, instead of replacing the file contents.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Encoding <string>
        Specifies the type of character encoding used in the file. Valid values are “Unicode”, “UTF7”, “UTF8”, “UTF32”, “ASCII”, “BigEndianUnicode”, “Default”, and “OEM”. “Unicode” is the default.

        “Default” uses the encoding of the system’s current ANSI code page.

        “OEM” uses the current original equipment manufacturer code page identifier for the operating system.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -FilePath <string>
        Specifies the path to the output file.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to overwrite an existing read-only file. Even using the Force parameter, the cmdlet cannot override security restrictions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -InputObject <psobject>
        Specifies the objects to be written to the file. Enter a Variable that contains the objects or type a command or expression that gets the objects.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -NoClobber [<SwitchParameter>]
        Will not overwrite (replace the contents) of an existing file. By default, if a file exists in the specified path, Out-File overwrites the file without warning. If both Append and NoClobber are used, the output is appended to the existing file.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Width <int>
        Specifies the number of characters in each line of output. Any additional characters are truncated, not wrapped. If you omit this parameter, the width is determined by the characteristics of the host. The default for the Windows PowerShell console is 80 (characters).

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.Management.Automation.PSObject
        You can pipe any object to Out-File.

OUTPUTS
    None
        Out-File does not generate any output.

NOTES

        The Out cmdlets do not format objects; they just render them and send them to the specified display destination. If you send an unformatted object to an Out cmdlet, the cmdlet sends it to a formatting cmdlet before rendering it.

        The Out cmdlets do not have parameters for names or file paths. To send data to a cmdlet that contains the Out verb (an Out cmdlet), use a pipeline operator (|) to send the output of a Windows PowerShell command to the cmdlet. You can also store data in a Variable and use the InputObject parameter to pass the data to the cmdlet. For help, see the examples.

        Out-File sends data, but it does not emit any output objects. If you pipe the output of Out-File to Get-Member, Get-Member reports that no objects have been specified.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Get-Process | Out-File -FilePath C:\Test1\process.txt

    Description
    ———–
    This command sends a list of processes on the computer to the Process.txt file. If the file does not exist, Out-File creates it. Because the name of the FilePath parameter is optional, you can omit it and submit the equivalent command “Get-Process | outfile C:\Test1\process.txt”.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Get-Process | Out-File C:\Test1\process.txt -NoClobber

    Out-File : File C:\Test1\process.txt already exists and NoClobber was specified.
    At line:1 char:23
    + Get-Process | Out-File <<<< process.txt -NoClobber

    Description
    ———–
    This command also sends a list of processes to the Process.txt file, but it uses the NoClobber parameter, which prevents an existing file from being overwritten. The output shows the error message that appears when NoClobber is used with an existing file.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>$a = Get-Process

    C:\PS> Out-File -FilePath C:\Test1\process.txt -InputObject $a -Encoding ASCII -Width 50

    Description
    ———–
    These commands send a list of processes on the computer to the Process.txt file. The text is encoded in ASCII format so that it can be read by search programs like Findstr and Grep. By default, Out-File uses Unicode format.

    The first command gets the list of processes and stores them in the $a Variable. The second command uses the Out-File cmdlet to send the list to the Process.txt file.

    The command uses the InputObject parameter to specify that the input is in the $a Variable. It uses the Encoding parameter to convert the output to ASCII format. It uses the Width parameter to limit each line in the file to 50 characters. Because the lines of output are truncated at 50 characters, the rightmost column in the process table is omitted.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 4 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-Location hklm:\software

    c:\PS>Get-Acl mycompany\mykey | Out-File -FilePath c:\ps\acl.txt

    c:\PS>Get-Acl mycompany\mykey | Out-File -FilePath FileSystem::acl.txt

    Description
    ———–
    These commands show how to use the Out-File cmdlet when you are not in a FileSystem drive.

    The first command sets the current location to the HKLM:\Software Registry key.

    The second and third commands have the same effect. They use the Get-Acl cmdlet to get the security descriptor of the MyKey Registry subkey (HKLM\Software\MyCompany\MyKey). A pipeline operator passes the result to the Out-File cmdlet, which sends it to the Acl.txt file.

    Because Out-File is not supported by the Windows PowerShell Registry provider, you must specify either the file system drive name, such as “c:”, or the name of the provider followed by two colons, “FileSystem::”, in the value of the FilePath parameter. The second and third commands demonstrate these methods.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113363
    Out-String
    Out-Null
    Out-Host
    Out-Printer
    Out-Default
    Tee-Object

cmdlet, Invoke, WSManAction

Invoke-WSManAction

NAME
    Invoke-WSManAction

SYNOPSIS
    Invokes an action on the object that is specified by the Resource URI and by the selectors.

SYNTAX
    Invoke-WSManAction [-ApplicationName <string>] [-ComputerName <string>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Port <int>] [-Port <int>] [-Port <int>] [-Port <int>] [-Port <int>] [-Port <int>] [-Port <int>] [-Port <int>] [-Port <int>] [-UseSSL] [-ResourceURI] <Uri> [-Action] <string> [-Authentication <AuthenticationMechanism>] [-FilePath <File>] [-OptionSet <hashtable>] [-SelectorSet <hashtable>] [-SessionOption <hashtable>] [-ValueSet <hashtable>] [<CommonParameters>]

    Invoke-WSManAction [-ConnectionURI <Uri>] [-ResourceURI] <Uri> [-Action] <string> [-Authentication <AuthenticationMechanism>] [-FilePath <File>] [-OptionSet <hashtable>] [-SelectorSet <hashtable>] [-SessionOption <hashtable>] [-ValueSet <hashtable>] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Invoke-WSManAction runs an action on the object that is specified by RESOURCE_URI, where parameters are specified by key value pairs.

    This cmdlet uses the WSMan connection/transport layer to run the action.

PARAMETERS
    -Action <string>
        Indicates the method to run on the management object specified by the ResourceURI and selectors.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ApplicationName <string>
        Specifies the application name in the connection. The default value of the ApplicationName parameter is WSMan. The complete identifier for the remote endpoint is in the following format:

             <transport>://<server>:<port>/<ApplicationName>

        For example:

             http://server01:8080/WSMAN

        Internet Information Services (IIS), which hosts the session, forwards requests with this endpoint to the specified application. This default setting of “WSMAN” is appropriate for most uses. This parameter is designed to be used when numerous computers establish remote connections to one computer running Windows PowerShell. In this case, IIS hosts Web Services for Management (WS-Management) for efficiency.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                WSMan
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Authentication <AuthenticationMechanism>
        Specifies the authentication mechanism to be used at the server. Possible values are:

        – Basic: Basic is a scheme in which the user name and password are sent in clear text to the server or proxy.
        – Default : Use the authentication method implemented by the WS-Management protocol. This is the default.
        – Digest: Digest is a challenge-response scheme that uses a server-specified data string for the challenge.
        – Kerberos: The client computer and the server mutually authenticate by using Kerberos Certificates.
        – Negotiate: Negotiate is a challenge-response scheme that negotiates with the server or proxy to determine the scheme to use for authentication. For example, this parameter value allows negotiation to determine whether the Kerberos protocol or NTLM is used.
        – CredSSP: Use Credential Security Service Provider (CredSSP) authentication, which allows the user to delegate credentials. This option is designed for commands that run on one remote computer but collect data from or run additional commands on other remote computers.

        Caution: CredSSP delegates the user’s credentials from the local computer to a remote computer. This practice increases the security risk of the remote operation. If the remote computer is compromised, when credentials are passed to it, the credentials can be used to control the network session.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ComputerName <string>
        Specifies the computer against which you want to run the management operation. The value can be a fully qualified domain name, a NetBIOS name, or an IP address. Use the local computer name, use localhost, or use a dot (.) to specify the local computer. The local computer is the default. When the remote computer is in a different domain from the user, you must use a fully qualified domain name must be used. You can pipe a value for this parameter to the cmdlet.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                localhost
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ConnectionURI <Uri>
        Specifies the connection endpoint. The format of this string is:

             <Transport>://<Server>:<Port>/<ApplicationName>

        The following string is a properly formatted value for this parameter:

             http://Server01:8080/WSMAN

        The URI must be fully qualified.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user. Type a user name, such as “User01”, “Domain01\User01”, or User@Domain.com. Or, enter a PSCredential object, such as one returned by the Get-Credential cmdlet. When you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -FilePath <File>
        Specifies the path of a file that is used to update a management resource. You specify the management resource by using the ResourceURI parameter and the SelectorSet parameter. For example, the following command uses the FilePath parameter:

        Invoke-WSManAction -Action stopservice -ResourceURI wmicimv2/Win32_Service -SelectorSet @{Name=”spooler”} -FilePath:c:\input.xml -Authentication default

        This command calls the StopService method on the Spooler service by using input from a file. The file, Input.xml, contains the following content:

        <p:StopService_INPUT xmlns:p=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_Service”/>

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -OptionSet <hashtable>
        Passes a set of switches to a service to modify or refine the nature of the request. These are similar to switches used in command-line shells because they are service specific. Any number of options can be specified.

        The following example demonstrates the syntax that passes the values 1, 2, and 3 for the a, b, and c parameters:

             -OptionSet @{a=1;b=2;c=3}

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Port <int>
        Specifies the port to use when the client connects to the WinRM service. When the transport is HTTP, the default port is 80. When the transport is HTTPS, the default port is 443. When you use HTTPS as the transport, the value of the ComputerName parameter must match the server’s Certificate common name (CN). However, if the SkipCNCheck parameter is specified as part of the SessionOption parameter, then the Certificate common name of the server does not have to match the host name of the server. The SkipCNCheck parameter should be used only for trusted machines.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ResourceURI <Uri>
        Contains the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the resource class or instance. The URI is used to identify a specific type of resource, such as disks or processes, on a computer.

        A URI consists of a prefix and a path to a resource. For example:

             http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_LogicalDisk
             http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_NumericSensor

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SelectorSet <hashtable>
        Specifies a set of value pairs that are used to select particular management resource instances. The SelectorSet parameter is used when more than one instance of the resource exists. The value of the SelectorSet parameter must be a hash table.

        The following example shows how to enter a value for this parameter:

            -SelectorSet @{Name=”WinRM”;ID=”yyy”}

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SessionOption <hashtable>
        Defines a set of extended options for the WS-Management session. Enter a SessionOption object that you create by using the New-WSManSessionOption cmdlet. For more information about the options that are available, see New-WSManSessionOption.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseSSL [<SwitchParameter>]
        Specifies that the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol should be used to establish a connection to the remote computer. By default, SSL is not used.

        WS-Management encrypts all the Windows PowerShell content that is transmitted over the network. The UseSSL parameter lets you specify the additional protection of HTTPS instead of HTTP. If SSL is not available on the port that is used for the connection and you specify this parameter, the command fails.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ValueSet <hashtable>
        Specifies a hash table that helps modify a management resource. You specify the management resource by using the ResourceURI parameter and the SelectorSet parameter. The value of the ValueSet parameter must be a hash table.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not accept any input.

OUTPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Invoke-WSManAction -Action startservice -ResourceURI wmicimv2/win32_service -SelectorSet @{name=”spooler”} -Authentication default

    xsi         : http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
    p         : http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_Service
    cim         : http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/common
    lang        : en-US
    ReturnValue : 0

    Description
    ———–
    This command calls the StartService method of the Win32_Service WMI class instance that corresponds to the Spooler service.

    The return value indicates whether the action was successful. In this case, a return value of 0 indicates success. A return value of 5 indicates that the service is already started.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Invoke-WSManAction -Action stopservice -ResourceURI wmicimv2/Win32_Service -SelectorSet @{Name=”spooler”} -FilePath:input.xml -Authentication default

    xsi         : http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
    p         : http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_Service
    cim         : http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/common
    lang        : en-US
    ReturnValue : 0

    Description
    ———–
    This command calls the StopService method on the Spooler service by using input from a file. The file, Input.xml, contains the following content:

     <p:StopService_INPUT xmlns:p=”http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_Service”/>

    The return value indicates whether the action was successful. In this case, a return value of 0 indicates success. A return value of 5 indicates that the service is already started.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Invoke-WSManAction -Action create -ResourceURI wmicimv2/win32_process -ValueSet @{commandline=”notepad.exe”;currentdirectory=”C:\”}

    xsi         : http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
    p         : http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_Process
    cim         : http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/common
    lang        : en-US
    ProcessId : 6356
    ReturnValue : 0

    Description
    ———–
    This command calls the Create method of the Win32_Process class. It passes the method two parameter values, Notepad.exe and “C:\”. As a result, a new process is created to run Notepad, and the current directory of the new process is set to “C:\”.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 4 ————————–

    C:\PS>Invoke-WSManAction -Action startservice -ResourceURI wmicimv2/win32_service -SelectorSet @{name=”spooler”} -computername server01 -Authentication default

    xsi         : http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance
    p         : http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_Service
    cim         : http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/common
    lang        : en-US
    ReturnValue : 0

    Description
    ———–
    This command calls the StartService method of the Win32_Service WMI class instance that corresponds to the Spooler service. Because the ComputerName parameter is specified, the command runs against the remote server01 computer.

    The return value indicates whether the action was successful. In this case, a return value of 0 indicates success. A return value of 5 indicates that the service is already started.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=141446
    Connect-WSMan
    Disable-WSManCredSSP
    Disconnect-WSMan
    Enable-WSManCredSSP
    Get-WSManCredSSP
    Get-WSManInstance
    New-WSManInstance
    New-WSManSessionOption
    Remove-WSManInstance
    Set-WSManInstance
    Set-WSManQuickConfig
    Test-WSMan
    Invoke-WmiMethod

cmdlet, Get, PfxCertificate

Get-PfxCertificate

NAME
    Get-PfxCertificate

SYNOPSIS
    Gets information about .pfx Certificate files on the computer.

SYNTAX
    Get-PfxCertificate [-FilePath] <string[]> [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Get-PfxCertificate cmdlet gets an object representing each specified .pfx Certificate file. A .pfx file includes both the Certificate and a private key.

PARAMETERS
    -FilePath <string[]>
        The full path to the .pfx file of the secured file. The parameter name (“FilePath”) is optional.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.String
        You can pipe a string that contains a file path to Get-PfxCertificate.

OUTPUTS
    System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates
        Get-PfxCertificate returns an object for each Certificate that it gets.

NOTES

        When using the Invoke-Command cmdlet to run a Get-PfxCertificate command remotely, and the .pfx Certificate file is not password protected, the value of the Authentication parameter of Invoke-Command must be “CredSSP”.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Get-PfxCertificate -FilePath C:\windows\system32\Test.pfx

    Password: ******
    Signer Certificate:     Matt Berg (Self Certificate)
    Time Certificate:
    Time Stamp:
    Path:                    C:\windows\system32\zap.pfx

    Description
    ———–
    This command gets information about the Test.pfx Certificate on the system.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Invoke-Command -computername Server01 -scriptblock {Get-PfxCertificate -FilePath C:\Text\TestNoPassword.pfx} -authentication CredSSP

    Description
    ———–
    This command gets a .pfx Certificate file from the Server01 remote computer. It uses the Invoke-Command to run a Get-PfxCertificate command remotely.

    When the .pfx Certificate file is not password-protected, the value of the Authentication parameter of Invoke-Command must be “CredSSP”.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113323
    Get-AuthenticodeSignature
    Set-AuthenticodeSignature
    about_Signing