Tag Archives: Credential

cmdlet, Item, Set

Set-Item

NAME
    Set-Item

SYNOPSIS
    Changes the value of an item to the value specified in the command.

SYNTAX
    Set-Item [-LiteralPath] <string[]> [[-Value] <Object>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

    Set-Item [-Path] <string[]> [[-Value] <Object>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Set-Item cmdlet changes the value of an item, such as a Variable or Registry key, to the value specified in the command.

PARAMETERS
    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”, or enter a PSCredential object, such as one generated by the Get-Credential cmdlet. If you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        This parameter is not supported by any providers installed with Windows PowerShell.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Exclude <string[]>
        Omits the specified items. The value of this parameter qualifies the Path parameter. Enter a path element or pattern, such as “*.txt”. Wildcards are permitted.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Filter <string>
        Specifies a filter in the provider’s format or language. The value of this parameter qualifies the Path parameter. The syntax of the filter, including the use of wildcards, depends on the provider. Filters are more efficient than other parameters, because the provider applies them when retrieving the objects, rather than having Windows PowerShell filter the objects after they are retrieved.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to set items that cannot otherwise be changed, such as read-only Alias or Variables. The cmdlet cannot change constant Aliases or Variables. Implementation varies from provider to provider. For more information, see about_providers. Even using the Force parameter, the cmdlet cannot override security restrictions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Include <string[]>
        Changes only the specified items. The value of this parameter qualifies the Path parameter. Enter a path element or pattern, such as “*.txt”. Wildcards are permitted.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -LiteralPath <string[]>
        Specifies a path to the location of the new items. Unlike Path, the value of LiteralPath is used exactly as it is typed. No characters are interpreted as wildcards. If the path includes escape characters, enclose it in single quotation marks. Single quotation marks tell Windows PowerShell not to interpret any characters as escape sequences.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PassThru [<SwitchParameter>]
        Passes an object representing the item to the pipeline. By default, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Path <string[]>
        Specifies a path to the location of the new items. Wildcards are permitted.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Value <Object>
        Specifies a new value for the item.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseTransaction [<SwitchParameter>]
        Includes the command in the active transaction. This parameter is valid only when a transaction is in progress. For more information, see about_transactions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.Object
        You can pipe an object that represents the new value of the item to Set-Item.

OUTPUTS
    None or an object representing the new or changed item.
        When you use the Passthru parameter, Set-Item generates an object representing the item. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

        You can also refer to Set-Item by its built-in Alias, “si”. For more information, see about_aliases.

        The Set-Item cmdlet is not supported by the Windows PowerShell FileSystem provider. To change the values of items in the file system, use Set-Content.

        In the Registry drives, HKLM: and HKCU:, Set-Item changes the data in the (Default) value of a Registry key. To create and change the names of Registry keys, use New-Item and Rename-Item. To change the names and data in Registry values, use New-ItemProperty, Set-ItemProperty, and Rename-ItemProperty.

        The Set-Item cmdlet is designed to work with the data exposed by any provider. To list the providers available in your session, type “Get-PSProvider“. For more information, see about_providers.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-Item -Path Alias:np -Value c:\windows\notepad.exe

    Description
    ———–
    This command creates an Alias of “np” for Notepad.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-Item -Path env:UserRole -Value Administrator

    Description
    ———–
    This command uses the Set-Item cmdlet to change the value of the “UserRole” Environment Variable to “Administrator”.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-Item -Path Function:prompt -Value {‘PS ‘+ $(Get-Date -format t) + ” ” + $(Get-Location) + ‘> ‘}

    Description
    ———–
    This command uses the Set-Item cmdlet to change the “prompt” Function so that it displays the time before the path.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 4 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-Item -Path Function:prompt -options “AllScope,ReadOnly”

    Description
    ———–
    This command sets the AllScope and ReadOnly options for the “prompt” Function. This command uses the Options dynamic parameter of the Set-Item cmdlet. The Options parameter is available in Set-Item only when you use it with the Alias or Function provider.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113395
    about_providers
    Get-Item
    New-Item
    Remove-Item
    Clear-Item
    Invoke-Item
    Rename-Item
    Move-Item
    Copy-Item

cmdlet, ItemProperty, Set

Set-ItemProperty

NAME
    Set-ItemProperty

SYNOPSIS
    Creates or changes the value of a property of an item.

SYNTAX
    Set-ItemProperty [-LiteralPath] <string[]> -InputObject <psobject> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

    Set-ItemProperty [-Path] <string[]> -InputObject <psobject> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

    Set-ItemProperty [-LiteralPath] <string[]> [-Name] <string> [-Value] <Object> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

    Set-ItemProperty [-Path] <string[]> [-Name] <string> [-Value] <Object> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Set-ItemProperty cmdlet changes the value of the property of the specified item. You can use the cmdlet to establish or change the properties of items. For example, you can use Set-ItemProperty to set the value of the IsReadOnly property of a file object to true.

    You also use Set-ItemProperty to create and change Registry values and data. For example, you can add a new Registry entry to a key and establish or change its value.

PARAMETERS
    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”, or enter a PSCredential object, such as one generated by the Get-Credential cmdlet. If you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        This parameter is not supported by any providers installed with Windows PowerShell.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Exclude <string[]>
        Specifies those items upon which the cmdlet is not to act, and includes all others.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Filter <string>
        Specifies a filter in the provider’s format or language. The value of this parameter qualifies the Path parameter. The syntax of the filter, including the use of wildcards, depends on the provider. Filters are more efficient than other parameters, because the provider applies them when retrieving the objects rather than having Windows PowerShell filter the objects after they are retrieved.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to set a property on items that cannot otherwise be accessed by the user. Implementation varies from provider to provider. For more information, see about_providers.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Include <string[]>
        Specifies only those items upon which the cmdlet will act, excluding all others.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -InputObject <psobject>
        Specifies the object that has the properties that you want to change. Enter a Variable that contains the object or a command that gets the object.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -LiteralPath <string[]>
        Specifies a path to the item property. The value of LiteralPath is used exactly as it is typed. No characters are interpreted as wildcards. If the path includes escape characters, enclose it in single quotation marks. Single quotation marks tell Windows PowerShell not to interpret any characters as escape sequences.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Name <string>
        Specifies the name of the property.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PassThru [<SwitchParameter>]
        Returns an object representing the item property. By default, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Path <string[]>
        Specifies the path to the items with the property to be set.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Value <Object>
        Specifies the value of the property.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    3
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseTransaction [<SwitchParameter>]
        Includes the command in the active transaction. This parameter is valid only when a transaction is in progress. For more information, see about_transactions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.Management.Automation.PSObject
        You can pipe objects to Set-ItemProperty.

OUTPUTS
    None or System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject
        When you use the PassThru parameter, Set-ItemProperty generates a PSCustomObject object that represents the item that was changed and its new property value. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

        The Set-ItemProperty cmdlet is designed to work with the data exposed by any provider. To list the providers available in your session, type “Get-PSProvider“. For more information, see about_providers.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-Itemproperty -Path c:\GroupFiles\final.doc -Name IsReadOnly -Value $true

    Description
    ———–
    This command sets the value of the IsReadOnly property of the final.doc file to true.

    The command uses the Set-ItemProperty cmdlet to change the value of the property of the final.doc file. It uses the Path parameter to specify the file. It uses the Name parameter to specify the name of the property and the Value parameter to specify the new value.

    The $true automatic Variable represents a value of TRUE. For more information, see about_Automatic_Variables.

    The file is a System.IO.FileInfo object and IsReadOnly is just one of its properties. To see all of the properties and methods of a FileInfo object, pipe the file to the Get-Member cmdlet. For example, “final.doc | Get-Member“.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Set-Itemproperty -Path HKLM:\Software\MyCompany -Name NoOfEmployees -Value 823

    C:\PS>Get-Itemproperty -Path HKLM:\Software\MyCompany

    PSPath        : Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\mycompany
    PSParentPath : Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software
    PSChildName : mycompany
    PSDrive     : HKLM
    PSProvider    : Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\Registry
    NoOfLocations : 2
    NoOfEmployees : 823

    C:\PS>Set-Itemproperty -Path HKLM:\Software\MyCompany -Name NoOfEmployees -Value 824
    C:\PS>Get-Itemproperty -Path HKLM:\Software\MyCompany

    PSPath        : Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\mycompany
    PSParentPath : Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software
    PSChildName : mycompany
    PSDrive     : HKLM
    PSProvider    : Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\Registry
    NoOfLocations : 2
    NoOfEmployees : 824

    Description
    ———–
    This example shows how to use Set-ItemProperty to create a new Registry entry and to assign a value to the entry. It creates the NoOfEmployees entry in the MyCompany key in HKLM\Software key and sets its value to 823.

    Because Registry entries are considered to be properties of the Registry keys (which are items), you use Set-ItemProperty to create Registry entries, and to establish and change their values.

    The first command uses the Set-ItemProperty cmdlet to create the Registry entry. It uses the Path parameter to specify the path to the HKLM: drive and the Software\MyCompany key. It uses the Name parameter to specify the entry name and the Value parameter to specify a value.

    The second command uses the Get-ItemProperty cmdlet to see the new Registry entry. If you use the Get-Item or Get-ChildItem cmdlets, the entries do not appear because they are properties of a key, not items or child items.

    The third command changes the value of the NoOfEmployees entry to 824.

    You can also use the New-ItemProperty cmdlet to create the Registry entry and its value and then use Set-ItemProperty to change the value.

    For more information about the HKLM: drive, type “Get-Help Get-PSDrive“. For more information about using Windows PowerShell to manage the Registry, type “Get-Help Registry“.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Get-ChildItem weekly.txt | Set-Itemproperty -Name IsReadOnly -Value $true

    Description
    ———–
    These commands show how to use a pipeline operator (|) to send an item to Set-ItemProperty.

    The first part of the command uses the Get-ChildItem cmdlet to get an object that represents the Weekly.txt file. The command uses a pipeline operator to send the file object to Set-ItemProperty. The Set-ItemProperty command uses the Name and Value parameters to specify the property and its new value.

    This command is equivalent to using the InputObject parameter to specify the object that Get-ChildItem gets.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113396
    about_providers
    Get-ItemProperty
    New-ItemProperty
    Clear-ItemProperty
    Remove-ItemProperty
    Rename-ItemProperty
    Move-ItemProperty
    Copy-ItemProperty

cmdlet, Remove, WSManInstance

Remove-WSManInstance

NAME
    Remove-WSManInstance

SYNOPSIS
    Deletes a management resource instance.

SYNTAX
    Remove-WSManInstance [-ApplicationName <string>] [-ComputerName <string>] [-Port <int>] [-UseSSL] [[-SelectorSet] <hashtable>] [-AuthenticationMechanism <AuthenticationMechanism>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-OptionSet <hashtable>] [-ResourceURI <Uri>] [-SessionOption <hashtable>] [<CommonParameters>]

    Remove-WSManInstance [-ConnectionURI <Uri>] [[-SelectorSet] <hashtable>] [-AuthenticationMechanism <AuthenticationMechanism>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-OptionSet <hashtable>] [-ResourceURI <Uri>] [-SessionOption <hashtable>] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Remove-WSManInstance deletes an instance of a management resource that is specified in the ResourceURI and SelectorSet parameters.

    This cmdlet uses the WinRM connection/transport layer to delete the management resource instance.

PARAMETERS
    -ApplicationName <string>
        Specifies the application name in the connection. The default value of the ApplicationName parameter is “WSMAN”. The complete identifier for the remote endpoint is in the following format:

             <transport>://<server>:<port>/<ApplicationName>

        For example:

             http://server01:8080/WSMAN

        Internet Information Services (IIS), which hosts the session, forwards requests with this endpoint to the specified application. This default setting of “WSMAN” is appropriate for most uses. This parameter is designed to be used when numerous computers establish remote connections to one computer that is running Windows PowerShell. In this case, IIS hosts Web Services for Management (WS-Management) for efficiency.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                WSMan
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -AuthenticationMechanism <AuthenticationMechanism>
        Specifies the authentication mechanism to be used at the server. Possible values are:

        – Basic: Basic is a scheme in which the user name and password are sent in clear text to the server or proxy.
        – Default : Use the authentication method implemented by the WS-Management protocol. This is the default.
        – Digest: Digest is a challenge-response scheme that uses a server-specified data string for the challenge.
        – Kerberos: The client computer and the server mutually authenticate by using Kerberos Certificates.
        – Negotiate: Negotiate is a challenge-response scheme that negotiates with the server or proxy to determine the scheme to use for authentication. For example, this parameter value allows negotiation to determine whether the Kerberos protocol or NTLM is used.
        – CredSSP: Use Credential Security Service Provider (CredSSP) authentication, which allows the user to delegate credentials. This option is designed for commands that run on one remote computer but collect data from or run additional commands on other remote computers.

        Caution: CredSSP delegates the user’s credentials from the local computer to a remote computer. This practice increases the security risk of the remote operation. If the remote computer is compromised, when credentials are passed to it, the credentials can be used to control the network session.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ComputerName <string>
        Specifies the computer against which you want to run the management operation. The value can be a fully qualified domain name, a NetBIOS name, or an IP address. Use the local computer name, use localhost, or use a dot (.) to specify the local computer. The local computer is the default. When the remote computer is in a different domain from the user, you must use a fully qualified domain name must be used. You can pipe a value for this parameter to the cmdlet.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                localhost
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ConnectionURI <Uri>
        Specifies the connection endpoint. The format of this string is:

             <Transport>://<Server>:<Port>/<ApplicationName>

        The following string is a properly formatted value for this parameter:

             http://Server01:8080/WSMAN

        The URI must be fully qualified.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user. Type a user name, such as “User01”, “Domain01\User01”, or “User@Domain.com”. Or, enter a PSCredential object, such as one returned by the Get-Credential cmdlet. When you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -OptionSet <hashtable>
        Passes a set of switches to a service to modify or refine the nature of the request. These are similar to switches used in command-line shells because they are service specific. Any number of options can be specified.

        The following example demonstrates the syntax that passes the values 1, 2, and 3 for the a, b, and c parameters:

             -OptionSet @{a=1;b=2;c=3}

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Port <int>
        Specifies the port to use when the client connects to the WinRM service. When the transport is HTTP, the default port is 80. When the transport is HTTPS, the default port is 443. When you use HTTPS as the transport, the value of the ComputerName parameter must match the server’s Certificate common name (CN). However, if the SkipCNCheck parameter is specified as part of the SessionOption parameter, then the Certificate common name of the server does not have to match the host name of the server. The SkipCNCheck parameter should be used only for trusted computers.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ResourceURI <Uri>
        Contains the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of the resource class or instance. The URI is used to identify a specific type of resource, such as disks or processes, on a computer.

        A URI consists of a prefix and a path to a resource. For example:

             http://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/cimv2/Win32_LogicalDisk
             http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_NumericSensor

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SelectorSet <hashtable>
        Specifies a set of value pairs that are used to select particular management resource instances. The SelectorSet parameter is used when more than one instance of the resource exists. The value of the SelectorSet parameter must be a hash table.

        The following example shows how to enter a value for this parameter:

            -SelectorSet @{Name=”WinRM”;ID=”yyy”}

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SessionOption <hashtable>
        Defines a set of extended options for the WS-Management session. Enter a SessionOption object that you create by using the New-WSManSessionOption cmdlet. For more information about the options that are available, see New-WSManSessionOption.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseSSL [<SwitchParameter>]
        Specifies that the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol should be used to establish a connection to the remote computer. By default, SSL is not used.

        WS-Management encrypts all the Windows PowerShell content that is transmitted over the network. The UseSSL parameter lets you specify the additional protection of HTTPS instead of HTTP. If SSL is not available on the port that is used for the connection and you specify this parameter, the command fails.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not accept any input.

OUTPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

        The Remove-WmiObject cmdlet, a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) cmdlet, is similar. Remove-WmiObject uses the DCOM connection/transport layer to create or update WMI instances.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Remove-WSManInstance winrm/config/Listener -SelectorSet Address=test.fabrikam.com;Transport=http

    Description
    ———–
    Deletes the WS-Management HTTP listener on a computer.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=141453
    Connect-WSMan
    Disable-WSManCredSSP
    Disconnect-WSMan
    Enable-WSManCredSSP
    Get-WSManCredSSP
    Get-WSManInstance
    Invoke-WSManAction
    New-WSManInstance
    New-WSManSessionOption
    Set-WSManInstance
    Set-WSManQuickConfig
    Test-WSMan
    Remove-WmiObject

cmdlet, Item, Rename

Rename-Item

NAME
    Rename-Item

SYNOPSIS
    Renames an item in a Windows PowerShell provider namespace.

SYNTAX
    Rename-Item [-Path] <string> [-NewName] <string> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Force] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Rename-Item cmdlet changes the name of a specified item. This cmdlet does not affect the content of the item being renamed.

    You cannot use Rename-Item to move an item, such as by specifying a path along with the new name. To move and rename an item, use the Move-Item cmdlet.

PARAMETERS
    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”, or enter a PSCredential object, such as one generated by the Get-Credential cmdlet. If you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        This parameter is not supported by any providers installed with Windows PowerShell.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to rename items that cannot otherwise be changed, such as hidden or read-only files or read-only Aliases or Variables. The cmdlet cannot change constant Aliases or Variables. Implementation varies from provider to provider. For more information, see about_providers. Even using the Force parameter, the cmdlet cannot override security restrictions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -NewName <string>
        Specifies the new name of the item. Enter only a name, not a path and name. If you enter a path that is different from the path that is specified in the Path parameter, Rename-Item generates an error. To rename and move an item, use the Move-Item cmdlet.

        You cannot use wildcard characters in the value of NewName. To specify a name for multiple files, use the Replace operator in a regular expression. For more information about the Replace operator, type “Get-Help about_Comparison_Operators“. For a demonstration, see the examples.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PassThru [<SwitchParameter>]
        Passes an object representing the item to the pipeline. By default, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Path <string>
        Specifies the path to the item to rename.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseTransaction [<SwitchParameter>]
        Includes the command in the active transaction. This parameter is valid only when a transaction is in progress. For more information, see about_transactions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.String
        You can pipe a string that contains a path to Rename-Item.

OUTPUTS
    None or an object representing the renamed item.
        When you use the Passthru parameter, Rename-Item generates an object representing the renamed item. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

        The Rename-Item cmdlet is designed to work with the data exposed by any provider. To list the providers available in your session, type “Get-PSProvider“. For more information, see about_providers.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Rename-Item -Path c:\logfiles\daily_file.txt -NewName monday_file.txt

    Description
    ———–
    This command renames the file daily_file.txt to monday_file.txt.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Rename-Item -Path project.txt -NewName d:\archive\old-project.txt

    Rename-Item : Cannot rename because the target specified represents a path or device name.
    At line:1 char:12
    + Rename-Item <<<< -Path project.txt -NewName d:\archive\old-project.txt
        + CategoryInfo         : InvalidArgument: (:) [Rename-Item], PSArgumentException
        + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Argument,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.RenameItemCommand

    C:\PS> Move-Item -Path project.txt -destination d:\archive\old-project.txt
    # Command succeeds

    Description
    ———–
    This example shows that you cannot use the Rename-Item cmdlet to both rename and move an item. Specifically, you cannot supply a path for the value of the NewName parameter, unless the path is identical to the path specified in the Path parameter. Otherwise, only a new name is permitted.

    The first command uses the Rename-Item cmdlet to rename the project.txt file in the current directory to old-project.txt in the D:\Archive directory. The result is the error shown in the output.

    The second command shows the correct way to move and rename a file by using the Move-Item cmdlet. The Move-Item cmdlet lets you specify both a new path and a new name in the value of its Destination parameter.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Rename-Item HKLM:\Software\MyCompany\Advertising -NewName Marketing

    Description
    ———–
    This command uses the Rename-Item cmdlet to rename a Registry key from Advertising to Marketing. When the command is complete, the key is renamed, but the Registry entries in the key are unchanged.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 4 ————————–

    C:\PS>Get-ChildItem *.txt | Rename-Item -NewName { $_.name -replace ‘\.txt’,’.log’ }

    Description
    ———–
    This example shows how to use the Replace operator to rename multiple files, even though the NewName parameter does not accept wildcard characters.

    This command renames all of the .txt files in the current directory to .log.

    The command uses a Get-ChildItem cmdlet to get all of the files in the current directory that have a .txt file name extension. Then, it uses the pipeline operator (|) to send the resulting files to the Rename-Item cmdlet.

    In the Rename-Item command, the value of the NewName parameter is a script block that is executed before the value is submitted to the NewName parameter.

    In the script block, the $_ automatic Variable represents each file object as it comes to the command through the pipeline. The command uses the dot format (.) to get the Name property of each file object. The Replace operator replaces the “.txt” file name extension of each file with “.log”.

    Because the Replace operator works with regular expressions, the dot preceding “txt” is interpreted to match any character. To ensure that it matches only a dot (.), it is escaped with a backslash character (\). The backslash character is not required in “.log” because it is a string, not a regular expression.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113382
    about_providers
    Clear-Item
    Invoke-Item
    Move-Item
    Rename-ItemProperty
    Set-Item
    New-Item
    Remove-Item
    Get-Item
    Copy-Item

cmdlet, ItemProperty, Rename

Rename-ItemProperty

NAME
    Rename-ItemProperty

SYNOPSIS
    Renames a property of an item.

SYNTAX
    Rename-ItemProperty [-LiteralPath] <string> [-Name] <string> [-NewName] <string> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

    Rename-ItemProperty [-Path] <string> [-Name] <string> [-NewName] <string> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Rename-ItemProperty cmdlet changes the name of a specified item property. The value of the property is not changed. For example, you can use Rename-ItemProperty to change the name of a Registry entry.

PARAMETERS
    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”, or enter a PSCredential object, such as one generated by the Get-Credential cmdlet. If you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        This parameter is not supported by any providers installed with Windows PowerShell.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Exclude <string[]>
        Omits the specified items. Wildcards are permitted.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Filter <string>
        Specifies a filter in the provider’s format or language. The value of this parameter qualifies the Path parameter. The syntax of the filter, including the use of wildcards, depends on the provider. Filters are more efficient than other parameters, because the provider applies them when retrieving the objects rather than having Windows PowerShell filter the objects after they are retrieved.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to rename a property of an object that cannot otherwise be accessed by the user. Implementation varies from provider to provider. For more information, see about_providers.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Include <string[]>
        Specifies only those items upon which the cmdlet will act, excluding all others.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -LiteralPath <string>
        Specifies a path to the item property. The value of LiteralPath is used exactly as it is typed. No characters are interpreted as wildcards. If the path includes escape characters, enclose it in single quotation marks. Single quotation marks tell Windows PowerShell not to interpret any characters as escape sequences.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Name <string>
        Specifies the current name of the property to be renamed.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -NewName <string>
        Specifies the new name for the property.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    3
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PassThru [<SwitchParameter>]
        Returns an object representing the item property. By default, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Path <string>
        Specifies the path to the item to be renamed.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseTransaction [<SwitchParameter>]
        Includes the command in the active transaction. This parameter is valid only when a transaction is in progress. For more information, see about_transactions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.String
        You can pipe a string that contains a path (but not a literal path) to Rename-ItemProperty.

OUTPUTS
    None or System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject
        When you use the PassThru parameter, Rename-ItemProperty generates a PSCustomObject representing the renamed item property. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

        The Remove-ItemProperty cmdlet is designed to work with the data exposed by any provider. To list the providers available in your session, type “Get-PSProvider“. For more information, see about_providers.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Rename-Itemproperty -Path HKLM:\Software\SmpApplication -Name config -NewName oldconfig

    Description
    ———–
    This command renames the config Registry entry contained in the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\SmpApplication key to oldconfig.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113383
    about_providers
    Rename-Item
    Clear-ItemProperty
    Copy-ItemProperty
    Get-ItemProperty
    Move-ItemProperty
    New-ItemProperty
    Remove-ItemProperty
    Set-ItemProperty

cmdlet, Path, Resolve

Resolve-Path

NAME
    Resolve-Path

SYNOPSIS
    Resolves the wildcard characters in a path, and displays the path contents.

SYNTAX
    Resolve-Path [-LiteralPath] <string[]> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Relative] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

    Resolve-Path [-Path] <string[]> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Relative] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Resolve-Path cmdlet interprets the wildcard characters in a path and displays the items and containers at the location specified by the path, such as the files and folders or Registry keys and subkeys.

PARAMETERS
    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”. Or, enter a PSCredential object, such as one generated by the Get-Credential cmdlet. If you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        This parameter is not supported by any providers installed with Windows PowerShell.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -LiteralPath <string[]>
        Specifies the path to be resolved. The value of LiteralPath is used exactly as it is typed. No characters are interpreted as wildcards. If the path includes escape characters, enclose it in single quotation marks. Single quotation marks tell Windows PowerShell not to interpret any characters as escape sequences.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Path <string[]>
        Specifies the Windows PowerShell path to resolve. This parameter is required. You can also pipe a path string to Resolve-Path.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Relative [<SwitchParameter>]
        Returns a relative path.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseTransaction [<SwitchParameter>]
        Includes the command in the active transaction. This parameter is valid only when a transaction is in progress. For more information, see about_transactions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.String
        You can pipe a string that contains a path to Resolve-Path.

OUTPUTS
    System.String
        Resolve-Path returns a string that contains the resolved path.

NOTES

        The cmdlets that contain the Path noun (the Path cmdlets) manipulate path names and return the names in a concise format that all Windows PowerShell providers can interpret. They are designed for use in programs and scripts where you want to display all or part of a path name in a particular format. Use them like you would use Dirname, Normpath, Realpath, Join, or other path manipulators.

        You can use the Path cmdlets with several providers, including the FileSystem, Registry, and Certificate providers.

        The Resolve-Path cmdlet is designed to work with the data exposed by any provider. To list the providers available in your session, type “Get-PSProvider“. For more information, see about_providers.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Resolve-Path ~

    C:\Users\User01

    Description
    ———–
    This command resolves the path represented by the tilde character (~), which signifies the home path.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Resolve-Path windows

    C:\Windows

    Description
    ———–
    When run from the root of the C: drive, this command returns the path to the Windows directory in the C: drive.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>”C:\windows\*” | Resolve-Path

    Description
    ———–
    This command returns all of the directories in the C:\Windows directory. The command uses a pipeline operator (|) to send a path string to Resolve-Path.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 4 ————————–

    C:\PS>Resolve-Path \\Server01\public

    Description
    ———–
    This command resolves a Universal Naming Convention (UNC) path and returns the shares in the path.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 5 ————————–

    C:\PS>Resolve-Path c:\prog* -Relative

    ..\Program Files
    ..\Program Files (x86)
    ..\programs.txt

    Description
    ———–
    This command returns relative paths for the directories at the root of the C: drive.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 6 ————————–

    C:\PS>Resolve-Path -literalPath test[xml]

    Description
    ———–
    This command resolves the path to the Test[xml] subdirectory of the current directory. It uses the LiteralPath parameter to indicate that the brackets are not regular expression characters.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113384
    about_providers
    Test-Path
    Split-Path
    Convert-Path
    Join-Path

cmdlet, Computer, Restart

Restart-Computer

NAME
    Restart-Computer

SYNOPSIS
    Restarts (“reboots”) the operating system on local and remote computers.

SYNTAX
    Restart-Computer [[-ComputerName] <string[]>] [[-Credential] <PSCredential>] [-AsJob] [-Authentication {Default | None | Connect | Call | Packet | PacketIntegrity | PacketPrivacy | Unchanged}] [-Force] [-Impersonation {Default | Anonymous | Identify | Impersonate | Delegate}] [-ThrottleLimit <int>] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Restart-Computer cmdlet restarts the operating system on the local and remote computers.

    You can use the parameters of Restart-Computer to run the restart operations as a background job, to specify the authentication levels and alternate credentials, to limit the operations that run concurrently, and to force an immediate restart.

    This cmdlet does not require Windows PowerShell remoting unless you use the AsJob parameter.

PARAMETERS
    -AsJob [<SwitchParameter>]
        Runs the command as a background job.

        Note: To use this parameter, the local and remote computers must be configured for remoting and, on Windows Vista and later versions of Windows, you must open Windows PowerShell with the “Run as administrator” option. For more information, see about_remote_requirements.

        When you use the AsJob parameter, the command immediately returns an object that represents the background job. You can continue to work in the session while the job completes. The job is created on the local computer and the results from remote computers are automatically returned to the local computer. To manage the job, use the Job cmdlets. To get the job results, use the Receive-Job cmdlet.

        For more information about Windows PowerShell background jobs, see about_jobs and about_remote_Jobs.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Authentication <AuthenticationLevel>
        Specifies the authentication level that is used for the WMI connection. (Restart-Computer uses WMI.) The default value is Packet.

        Valid values are:

        Unchanged:     The authentication level is the same as the previous command.
        Default:         Windows Authentication
        None:            No COM authentication
        Connect:         Connect-level COM authentication
        Call:            Call-level COM authentication
        Packet:         Packet-level COM authentication.
        PacketIntegrity: Packet Integrity-level COM authentication
        PacketPrivacy: Packet Privacy-level COM authentication.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                4
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ComputerName <string[]>
        Specifies one or more remote computers. The default is the local computer.

        Type the NETBIOS name, an IP address, or a fully qualified domain name of a remote computer. To specify the local computer, type the computer name, a dot (.), or “localhost”.

        This parameter does not rely on Windows PowerShell remoting. You can use the ComputerName parameter even if your computer is not configured to run remote commands.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    1
        Default value                .
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”, or enter a PSCredential object, such as one from the Get-Credential cmdlet.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    2
        Default value                Current user
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Forces an immediate restart of the computers.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                False
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Impersonation <ImpersonationLevel>
        Specifies the impersonation level to use when calling WMI. (Restart-Computer uses WMI.) The default value is “Impersonate”.

        Valid values are:

        Default:     Default impersonation.
        Anonymous:    Hides the identity of the caller.
        Identify:     Allows objects to query the credentials of the caller.
        Impersonate: Allows objects to use the credentials of the caller.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                Impersonate
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -ThrottleLimit <int>
        Specifies the maximum number of concurrent connections that can be established to run this command. If you omit this parameter or enter a value of 0, the default value, 32, is used.

        The throttle limit applies only to the current command, not to the session or to the computer.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                32
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    None
        You cannot pipe input to this cmdlet.

OUTPUTS
    None or System.Management.Automation.RemotingJob
        When you use the AsJob parameter, the cmdlet returns a job object. Otherwise, it does not generate any output.

NOTES

        This cmdlet uses the Win32Shutdown method of the WMI WIN32_OperatingSystem class.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Restart-Computer

    Description
    ———–
    This command restarts the local computer.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Restart-Computer -ComputerName Server01, Server02, localhost

    Description
    ———–
    This command restarts two remote computers, Server01 and Server02, and the local computer, identified as “localhost”.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>$j = Restart-Computer -ComputerName Server01, Server02 -AsJob

    C:\PS> $results = $j | Receive-Job

    C:\PS> $results

    Description
    ———–
    These commands run a Restart-Computer command as a background job on two remote computers, and then get the results.

    The first command uses the AsJob parameter to run the command as a background job. The command saves the resulting job object in the $j Variable.

    The second command uses a pipeline operator to send the job object in $j to the Receive-Job cmdlet, which gets the job results. The command saves the results in the $results Variable.

    The third command displays the result saved in the $results Variable.

    Because the AsJob parameter creates the job on the local computer and automatically returns the results to the local computer, you can run the Receive-Job command as a local command.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 4 ————————–

    C:\PS>Restart-Computer -comp Server01 -Impersonation anonymous -Authentication PacketIntegrity

    Description
    ———–
    This command restarts the Server01 remote computer. The command uses customized impersonation and authentication settings.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 5 ————————–

    C:\PS>$s = Get-Content domain01.txt

    C:\PS> $c = Get-Credential domain01\admin01

    C:\PS> Restart-Computer -ComputerName $s -Force -ThrottleLimit 10 -Credential $c

    Description
    ———–
    These commands force an immediate restart of all of the computers in Domain01.

    The first command gets a list of computers in the domain and saves it in the $s Variable.

    The second command gets the credentials of a domain administrator and saves them in the $c Variable.

    The third command restarts the computers. It uses the ComputerName parameter to submit the list of computers in the $s Variable, the Force parameter to force an immediate restart, and the Credential parameter to submit the credentials saved in the $c Variable. It also uses the ThrottleLimit parameter to limit the command to 10 concurrent connections.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135253
    Add-Computer
    Checkpoint-Computer
    Remove-Computer
    Restore-Computer
    Stop-Computer
    Test-Connection

cmdlet, MailMessage, Send

Send-MailMessage

NAME
    Send-MailMessage

SYNOPSIS
    Sends an e-mail message.

SYNTAX
    Send-MailMessage [-To] <string[]> [-Subject] <string> -From <string> [[-Body] <string>] [[-SmtpServer] <string>] [-Attachments <string[]>] [-Bcc <string[]>] [-BodyAsHtml] [-Cc <string[]>] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-DeliveryNotificationOption {None | OnSuccess | OnFailure | Delay | Never}] [-Encoding <Encoding>] [-Priority {Normal | Low | High}] [-UseSsl] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Send-MailMessage cmdlet sends an e-mail message from within Windows PowerShell.

PARAMETERS
    -Attachments <string[]>
        Specifies the path and file names of files to be attached to the e-mail message. You can use this parameter or pipe the paths and file names to Send-MailMessage.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Bcc <string[]>
        Specifies the e-mail addresses that receive a copy of the mail but are not listed as recipients of the message. Enter names (optional) and the e-mail address, such as “Name <someone@example.com>”.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                None
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Body <string>
        Specifies the body (content) of the e-mail message.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    3
        Default value                None
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -BodyAsHtml [<SwitchParameter>]
        Indicates that the value of the Body parameter contains HTML.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                False
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Cc <string[]>
        Specifies the e-mail addresses to which a carbon copy (CC) of the e-mail message is sent. Enter names (optional) and the e-mail address, such as “Name <someone@example.com>”.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                None
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”. Or, enter a PSCredential object, such as one from the Get-Credential cmdlet.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                Current user
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -DeliveryNotificationOption <DeliveryNotificationOptions>
        Specifies the delivery notification options for the e-mail message. You can specify multiple values. “None” is the default value. The Alias for this parameter is “dno”.

        The delivery notifications are sent in an e-mail message to the address specified in the value of the To parameter.

        Valid values are:

         — None: No notification.
         — OnSuccess: Notify if the delivery is successful.
         — OnFailure: Notify if the delivery is unsuccessful.
         — Delay: Notify if the delivery is delayed.
         — Never: Never notify.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                None
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Encoding <Encoding>
        Specifies the encoding used for the body and subject. Valid values are ASCII, UTF8, UTF7, UTF32, Unicode, BigEndianUnicode, Default, and OEM. ASCII is the default.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                ASCII
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -From <string>
        Specifies the address from which the mail is sent. Enter a name (optional) and e-mail address, such as “Name <someone@example.com>”. This parameter is required.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    named
        Default value                None
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Priority <MailPriority>
        Specifies the priority of the e-mail message. The valid values for this are Normal, High, and Low. Normal is the default.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                Normal.
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -SmtpServer <string>
        Specifies the name of the SMTP server that sends the e-mail message.

        The default value is the value of the $PSEmailServer preference Variable. If the preference Variable is not set and this parameter is omitted, the command fails.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    4
        Default value                $PSEmailServer
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Subject <string>
        Specifies the subject of the e-mail message. This parameter is required.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    2
        Default value                None
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -To <string[]>
        Specifies the addresses to which the mail is sent. Enter names (optional) and the e-mail address, such as “Name <someone@example.com>”. This parameter is required.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value                None
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseSsl [<SwitchParameter>]
        Uses the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol to establish a connection to the remote computer to send mail. By default, SSL is not used.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value                False
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.String
        You can pipe the path and file names of attachments to Send-MailMessage.

OUTPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Send-MailMessage -To “User01 <user01@example.com>” -From “User02 <user02@example.com>” -Subject “Test mail”

    Description
    ———–
    This command sends an e-mail message from User01 to User02.

    The mail message has a subject, which is required, but it does not have a body, which is optional. Also, because the SmtpServer parameter is not specified, Send-MailMessage uses the value of the $PSEmailServer preference Variable for the SMTP server.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Send-MailMessage -From “User01 <user01@example.com>” -To “User02 <user02@example.com>”, “User03 <user03@example.com>” -Subject “Sending the Attachment” -Body “Forgot to send the attachment. Sending now.” -Attachment “data.csv” -Priority High -dno onSuccess, onFailure -SmtpServer smtp.fabrikam.com

    Description
    ———–
    This command sends an e-mail message with an attachment from User01 to two other users.

    It specifies a priority value of “High” and requests a delivery notification by e-mail when the e-mail messages are delivered or when they fail.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Send-MailMessage -To “User01 <user01@example.com>” -From “ITGroup <itdept@example.com>” -Cc “User02 <user02@example.com>” -Bcc ITMgr <itmgr@example.com> -Subject “Don’t forget today’s meeting!” -Credential domain01\admin01 -UseSsl

    Description
    ———–
    This command sends an e-mail message from User01 to the ITGroup mailing list with a copy (CC) to User02 and a blind carbon copy (BCC) to the IT manager (ITMgr).

    The command uses the credentials of a domain administrator and the UseSSL parameter.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135256

cmdlet, Computer, Remove

Remove-Computer

NAME
    Remove-Computer

SYNOPSIS
    Remove the local computer from a workgroup or domain.

SYNTAX
    Remove-Computer [[-Credential] <PSCredential>] [-Force] [-PassThru] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Remove-Computer cmdlet removes the local computer from its current workgroup or domain.

    When you remove a computer from a domain, Remove-Computer also disables the computer’s domain account.

    When the computer is in a domain, you must provide credentials, even when they are the credentials of the current user, and you must restart the computer to make the change effective.

    To get the results of the command, use the Verbose and PassThru parameters.

PARAMETERS
    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”, or enter a PSCredential object, such as one generated by the Get-Credential cmdlet. If you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        To remove a computer from a domain, you must use the Credential parameter, even when you are using the credentials of the current user.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    2
        Default value                The credentials of the current user
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -PassThru [<SwitchParameter>]
        Returns the results of the command. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    None
        You cannot pipe input to this cmdlet

OUTPUTS
    Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.ComputerChangeInfo
        When you use the PassThru parameter, Remove-Computer returns a ComputerChangeInfo object. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not generate any output.

NOTES

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Remove-Computer

    Description
    ———–
    This command removes the computer from a workgroup.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Remove-Computer -Credential domain01\admin01 -PassThru -Verbose; Restart-Computer

    Description
    ———–
    These commands remove the local computer from the domain to which it is joined.

    The first command removes the computer from the domain. The command uses the Credential parameter to supply the credentials of a domain administrator. It uses the PassThru parameter and the Verbose common parameter to display information about the success or failure of the command.

    The second command uses the Restart-Computer cmdlet to restart the computer, which is required to complete the remove operation.

    The semi-colon (;) separates the two commands.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135246
    Add-Computer
    Checkpoint-Computer
    Remove-Computer
    Restart-Computer
    Restore-Computer
    Stop-Computer
    Test-Connection

cmdlet, Item, Remove

Remove-Item

NAME
    Remove-Item

SYNOPSIS
    Deletes the specified items.

SYNTAX
    Remove-Item [-LiteralPath] <string[]> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-Recurse] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

    Remove-Item [-Path] <string[]> [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <string[]>] [-Filter <string>] [-Force] [-Include <string[]>] [-Recurse] [-Confirm] [-WhatIf] [-UseTransaction] [<CommonParameters>]

DESCRIPTION
    The Remove-Item cmdlet deletes one or more items. Because it is supported by many providers, it can delete many different types of items, including files, directories, Registry keys, Variables, Aliases, and Functions.

PARAMETERS
    -Credential <PSCredential>
        Specifies a user account that has permission to perform this action. The default is the current user.

        Type a user name, such as “User01” or “Domain01\User01”, or enter a PSCredential object, such as one generated by the Get-Credential cmdlet. If you type a user name, you will be prompted for a password.

        This parameter is not supported by any providers installed with Windows PowerShell.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Exclude <string[]>
        Omits the specified items. The value of this parameter qualifies the Path parameter. Enter a path element or pattern, such as “*.txt”. Wildcards are permitted.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Filter <string>
        Specifies a filter in the provider’s format or language. The value of this parameter qualifies the Path parameter. The syntax of the filter, including the use of wildcards, depends on the provider. Filters are more efficient than other parameters, because the provider applies them when retrieving the objects, rather than having Windows PowerShell filter the objects after they are retrieved.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Force [<SwitchParameter>]
        Allows the cmdlet to remove items that cannot otherwise be changed, such as hidden or read-only files or read-only Aliases or Variables. The cmdlet cannot remove constant Aliases or Variables. Implementation varies from provider to provider. For more information, see about_providers. Even using the Force parameter, the cmdlet cannot override security restrictions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Include <string[]>
        Deletes only the specified items. The value of this parameter qualifies the Path parameter. Enter a path element or pattern, such as “*.txt”. Wildcards are permitted.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -LiteralPath <string[]>
        Specifies a path to the items being removed. Unlike Path, the value of LiteralPath is used exactly as it is typed. No characters are interpreted as wildcards. If the path includes escape characters, enclose it in single quotation marks. Single quotation marks tell Windows PowerShell not to interpret any characters as escape sequences.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Path <string[]>
        Specifies a path to the items being removed. Wildcards are permitted. The parameter name (“-Path“) is optional.

        Required?                    true
        Position?                    1
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     true (ByValue, ByPropertyName)
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Recurse [<SwitchParameter>]
        Deletes the items in the specified locations and in all child items of the locations.

        The Recurse parameter in this cmdlet does not work properly.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -Confirm [<SwitchParameter>]
        Prompts you for confirmation before executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -WhatIf [<SwitchParameter>]
        Describes what would happen if you executed the command without actually executing the command.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    -UseTransaction [<SwitchParameter>]
        Includes the command in the active transaction. This parameter is valid only when a transaction is in progress. For more information, see about_transactions.

        Required?                    false
        Position?                    named
        Default value
        Accept pipeline input?     false
        Accept wildcard characters? false

    <CommonParameters>
        This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,
        ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,
        OutBuffer and OutVariable. For more information, type,
        “Get-Help about_CommonParameters“.

INPUTS
    System.String
        You can pipe a string that contains a path (but not a literal path) to Remove-Item.

OUTPUTS
    None
        This cmdlet does not return any output.

NOTES

        You can also refer to Remove-Item by any of its built-in Aliases, “del”, “erase”, “rmdir”, “rd”, “ri”, or “rm”. For more information, see about_aliases.

        The Remove-Item cmdlet is designed to work with the data exposed by any provider. To list the providers available in your session, type “Get-PSProvider“. For more information, see about_providers.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 1 ————————–

    C:\PS>Remove-Item C:\Test\*.*

    Description
    ———–
    This command deletes all of the files with names that include a dot (.) from the C:\Test directory. Because the command specifies a dot, the command does not delete directories or files with no file name extension.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 2 ————————–

    C:\PS>Remove-Item * -Include *.doc -Exclude *1*

    Description
    ———–
    This command deletes from the current directory all files with a .doc file name extension and a name that does not include “1”. It uses the wildcard character (*) to specify the contents of the current directory. It uses the Include and Exclude parameters to specify the files to delete.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 3 ————————–

    C:\PS>Remove-Item -Path C:\Test\hidden-RO-file.txt -Force

    Description
    ———–
    This command deletes a file that is both hidden and read-only. It uses the Path parameter to specify the file. It uses the Force parameter to give permission to delete it. Without Force, you cannot delete read-only or hidden files.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 4 ————————–

    C:\PS>Get-ChildItem * -Include *.csv -Recurse | Remove-Item

    Description
    ———–
    This command deletes all of the CSV files in the current directory and all subdirectories recursively.

    Because the Recurse parameter in this cmdlet is faulty, the command uses the Get-ChildItem cmdlet to get the desired files, and it uses the pipeline operator to pass them to the Remove-Item cmdlet.

    In the Get-ChildItem command, the Path parameter has a value of *, which represents the contents of the current directory. It uses the Include parameter to specify the CSV file type, and it uses the Recurse parameter to make the retrieval recursive.

    If you try to specify the file type in the path, such as “-Path *.csv”, the cmdlet interprets the subject of the search to be a file that has no child items, and Recurse fails.

    ————————– EXAMPLE 5 ————————–

    C:\PS>Remove-Item hklm:\software\mycompany\OldApp -Recurse

    Description
    ———–
    This command deletes the OldApp Registry key and all of its subkeys and values. It uses the Remove-Item cmdlet to remove the key. The path is specified, but the optional parameter name (Path) is omitted.

    The Recurse parameter deletes all of the contents of the OldApp key recursively. If the key contains subkeys and you omit the Recurse parameter, you are prompted to confirm that you want to delete the contents of the key.

RELATED LINKS
    Online version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113373
    about_providers
    Clear-Item
    Copy-Item
    Get-Item
    Invoke-Item
    Move-Item
    New-Item
    Remove-ItemProperty
    Rename-Item
    Set-Item